GOLDEN TEMPLE, AMRITSAR

Golden Temple


Sri Harmandir European (The abode of God)   conjointly Sri Darbar European (Punjabi: ਦਰਬਾਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ, Punjabi pronunciation: [dəɾbɑɾ sɑhɪb]) and informally stated because the "Golden Temple",  is that the holiest Gurdwara of Sikhism, placed within the town of Amritsar, Punjab, India. Amritsar (literally, the tank of nectar of immortality) was supported in 1577 by the fourth Sikh guru, Guru Ram Das. The fifth Sikh Guru, Guru Arjan, designed the Harmandir European to be in-built the centre of this holy tank, and upon its construction, put in the Adi Granth, the Good Book of Sikhism, within the Harmandir European.  The Harmandir European advanced is additionally home to the Akal Takht (the throne of the unaltered  one, recognized by the Sixth Guru, Guru Hargobind). whereas the Harmandir European is thought to be the abode of God's religious attribute, the Akal Takht is that the seat of God's temporal authority

The construction of Harmandir European was supposed to create an area of worship for men and ladies from all walks of life and every one religions to come back and worship God equally. consequently, as a gesture of this non-sectarian universalness of Sikhism, Guru Arjan had specially invited Muslim Sufi saint, Hazrat Mian Mir to get the muse stone of the Harmandir European. The four entrances (representing the four directions) to induce into the Harmandir European conjointly symbolise the openness of the Sikhs towards all folks and religions.  Over a hundred,000 folks visit the holy shrine daily for worship, and conjointly partake collectively within the free community room and meal (Langar) in spite of any distinctions, a practice that's a trademark of all Sikh Gurdwaras.

The present-day gurdwara was renovated in 1764 by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia with the assistance of other Sikh Misls. In the early nineteenth century, Maharaja Ranjit Singh secured the Punjab region from outside attack and covered the upper floors of the gurdwara with gold, which gives it its distinctive appearance and its English name.

The Harmandir Sahib literally means the Temple of God. Guru Amar Das had ordered Guru Ram Das to create a nectarous tank as a place for worship for the Sikh religion. Guru Ram Das instructed all his Sikhs to join in the work, under Bhai Budha's 

superintendence, and engaged labourers to assist them. He said that the tank of nectar should be God's home, and whoever bathed in it shall obtain all spiritual and temporal advantages. During the progress of the work, the hut in which the Guru first sheltered himself was expanded for his residence; it is now known as the Guru's Mahal, or palace.

In 1578 CE Guru Ram Das excavated a tank, which subsequently became known as Amritsar (Pool of the Nectar of Immortality),  giving its name to the city that grew around it. In due course, the Harmandir Sahib,  was built in the middle of this tank and became the supreme centre of Sikhism. Its sanctum came to house the Adi Granth comprising compositions of Sikh Gurus and other saints considered to have Sikh values and philosophies, e.g., Baba Farid, and Kabir. The compilation of the Adi Granth was started by the fifth guru of Sikhism, Guru Arjan

Guru Arjan conceived the idea of creating a central place of worship for the Sikhs and designed it. Earlier the planning to excavate the holy tank (Amritsar or Amrit Sarovar ) was chalked out by Guru Amar Das, the Third Sikh Guru, but it was executed by Guru Ram Das under the supervision of Baba Budha. The land for the site was acquired by the earlier Guru Sahibs on payment or free of cost from the Zamindars (landlords) of native villages. The plan to establish a town settlement was also made and the construction work on the Sarovar (the tank) and the town started simultaneously in 1570. The work on both projects was completed in 1577. In December 1588, Guru Arjan initiated the construction of the gurdwara and the foundation stone was laid by Hazrat Mian Mir on 28 December 1588.

The gurdwara was completed in 1604. Guru Arjan put in the Guru Granth in it and appointed cake Buddha because the initial Granthi (reader) of it in August 1604. within the mid-18th century it absolutely was attacked by the Afghans, by one among Ahmed monarch Abdali's generals, Jahan Khan, and had to be well restored within the decade. However, in response a Sikh Army was sent to seek out the Afghan force. The forces met 5 miles outside Amritsar and Jahan Khan's army was destroyed

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REWALSAR LAKE 

REWALSAR LAKE

Rewalsar Lake, or Tso Pema Lotus Lake, may be a mid-altitude lake set on a mountain spur in Mandi district, 22.5 kilometre south-west from Mandi. Its elevation is concerning one,360 m on top of water level.The lake is formed sort of a sq. with the boundary of concerning 735 m. it's command as a sacred spot for Hindus, Sikhs and Buddhists alike. With water, solid ground and high hills, it presents a spread of natural beauty. There ar 3 Buddhist monasteries at Riwalsar. The lake additionally has 3 Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Krishna, Lord Shiva and to the sage Lomas. Another holy lake, Kunt Bhyog that is concerning one,750 m on top of water level lies on top of Rewalsar.[3] it's related to the escape of 'Pandavas' from the burning palace of wax—an episode from the epic sacred text.It was from here that the good Indian teacher and `Tantric` Padmasambhava left for Asian country. renowned to the Tibetans as 'Guru Rinpoche', the dear Master, it absolutely was below Padmasambhava's influence that Mahayana Buddhism contact Asian country.

There ar islands of floating reed on Rewalsar lake and also the spirit of Padmasambhava is claimed to reside in them. it's here that the sage Lomas did penance in devotion to Lord Shiva, and also the Sikh guru Gobind Singh (22 Dec 1666 – seven Gregorian calendar month 1708), the tenth Guru of Sikhism, additionally resided here for one month. The Sisu truthful command in late February/early march, and also the pageant of Baisakhi ar vital events at Rewalsar. Mandarava and Padmasambhava were energetically drawn to at least one another. Vihardhara, terrified of the contamination of the royal bloodline and what he perceived as Mandarava's apostasy, endeavoured to own Mandarava and Padmasambhava sublimate by ritual killing through the flames of a pile.

rather than finding their corpses angry and burn, Vihardhara finds that the fireplace of the pile has been remodeled into Lake Rewalsar, out of that arises a blooming lotus that supports the unscathed Mandarava and Padmasambhava WHO through this manifestation of their realisation have achieved their secret names of Vajravarahi and Hayagriva, severally, once that Vihardhara furnishes the union along with his unreserved blessings. Legend has it that the good teacher Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche) used his monumental power to require flight to Asian country from Rewalsar. In Rewalsar, his spirit is claimed to reside within the small island of floating reed that drifts over the water.

Dalai lama temple,

The lama /ˈdɑːlaɪ ˈlɑːmə/ (US), /ˌdælaɪ ˈlɑːmə/ (UK)[1][2] could be a monk of the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" college of Buddhism,[3] the latest of the colleges of Tibetan Buddhism[4] supported by Je Tsongkhapa. The lama title was created by Altan Khan (Shunyi Wang of China)[5] [6]in 1578. The fourteenth and current lama is Tenzin Gyatso.

The lama has perpetually been a very important figure of the Gelug tradition. though finding dominance in Central Thibet, the lama has been a very important figure on the far side sectarian boundaries. The lama figure is vital for several reasons. Since the time of the Fifth lama his personage has perpetually been an emblem of unification of the state of Thibet, wherever he has painted Buddhist values and traditions.[7] The Fifth lama was granted by the Shunzhi Emperor of China a golden seal of authority and golden sheets for the exercise of leadership over Buddhism beneath the heaven.[8]

The lama is taken into account to be the successor during a line of tulkus United Nations agency ar believed[1] to be incarnations of Avalokiteśvara,[2] the deity of Compassion,[9] known as Chenrezig in Tibetan.[10] The name could be a combination of the Altaic word dalai that means "ocean" (coming from Mongolian title Dalaiyin qan or Dalaiin khan,[11] translated as 'Gyatso' in Tibetan)[12] and also the Tibetan word བླ་མ་ (bla-ma) that means "guru, teacher, mentor". The Tibetan word "lama" corresponds to the higher legendarySanskrit word "guru".

From 1642 till the Fifties (except from 1705 to 1750), the Dalai Lamas or their regents headed the Tibetan government (or Ganden Phodrang) in Lhasa that ruled all or most of the Tibetan tableland with variable degrees of autonomy,[13] up to complete sovereignty.[14] This government conjointly enjoyed the patronage and protection of first off Mongol kings of the Khoshut and Dzungar Khanates (1642–1720) and so of the emperors of the Manchu-led Qing

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RASHTRAPATI NIWAS 

RASTRAPATI NIWAS

The Rashtrapati Niwas, conjointly referred to as governor Lodge, is found on the Observatory Hills of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. it absolutely was erstwhile the residence of nation Viceroy of Asian country. It homes a number of the foremost ancient articles and pictures going back to the days of nation rule out Asian country. The governor Lodge was designed by British creator Henry Irwin and inbuilt the Jacobethan vogue throughout the regime of Lord Dufferin. Its construction started in 1880 and was completed in 1888.

Lord Dufferin occupied the lodge on twenty three July 1888. The summer capital of British {india|India|Republic of Asian country|Bharat|Asian country|Asian nation} was of very little use to the President of India WHO visited it just for a couple of days within the year, if at all. academician S.Radhakrishnan thought of putt it to educational use.

The Rashtrapati Nivas Estate was transferred to the Ministry of Education to be two-handed over to the Indian Institute of Advanced Study. The C.P.W.D., the Himachal Pradesh judicature, and therefore the Himachal Pradesh University were allowed in due course to use a number of its buildings however the majority of the Estate, as well as its well unbroken lawns and wealthy greenhouse, has remained in use for the Indian Institute of Advanced Study.

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ROHTANG PASS

ROHTANG PASS

Rohtang Pass (Hindi: रोहतांग दर्रा) (Bhoti: Rohtang , lit: pile of corpses, as a result of folks operating in CBRE dying in inclementness attempting to cross the pass) (elevation three,978 m (13,050 ft)), could be a high notch on the jap Pir Panjal vary of the chain around fifty one kilometre (32 mi) from Manali. It connects the Kullu depression with the Lahaul and Spiti Valleys of Himachal Pradesh, India.The pass provides a natural divide between the Kullu depression with a primarily Hindu culture (in the south), and therefore the arid high-altitude Lahaul and Spiti valleys with a Buddhist culture (in the north). The pass lies on the watershed between the Chenab and Beas basins. On the southern facet of this pass, the Beas watercourse emerges from underground and flows southward and on its northern facet, the Chandra watercourse (flows from the jap Himalayas), a supply stream of the watercourse Chenab, flows westward.

The pass is open from might to Nov. it's not notably high or tough to cross on foot by range of mountains standards, however it's a well-deserved name for being dangerous due to unpredictable snowstorms and blizzards. This pass is associate degree ancient trade route between the folks on either facet of Pir Panjal. The native name for this pass could be a generic name of pass.[citation needed] There area unit several different passes in Lahaul and Spiti that have specific names (Kunzam La, Baralacha La, etc.). this can be connotative the actual fact that this should are the oldest and most frequented pass within the region, or the actual fact that it's the most pass leading from one cultural region to a different, quite completely different one, to the north. National road twenty one (NH 21), the road through the Kullu depression, past Manali and over the Rohtang Pass to Keylong, and Lahul and on to Leh in Ladakh, has become terribly busy throughout the summer months as associate degree alternate military route, following the Kargil Conflict in 1999 additionally to tensions in geographic area. Traffic jams area unit common as military vehicles, trucks, and merchandise carriers try and navigate the tight roads and rough piece of land, combined by snow and ice at bound points and therefore the sizable amount of traveler vehicles.

A body of water on the thanks to Rohtang. many episodes of the History Channel's Ice Road Truckers series spinoff IRT Deadliest Roads restrained truckers crossing the Rohtang Pass to deliver provides. With increase in Traffic at Rohtang depression, Environmentalists worry its impact on the delicate mountain ecology. an increase in average temperature, and therefore the sequent melting of glaciers, also are problems with severe concern.The pass was featured on the highest Gear: Asian country Special.In 2016, the Himachal Pradesh Government started supply permits on-line to limit the vehicles to stop pollution during this space. Permits area unit issued solely to the primary 800 gasoline vehicles and four hundred diesel vehicles. Permits will solely be applied for next a pair of days from the present date. Also, no permits area unit issued on Tues because the day is marked for maintenance of Rohtang. A tax of Rs. five hundred and typically, a congestion charges of Rs. fifty is to be paid and consequently the permits area unit issued supported daily quota outlined by National inexperienced judicature Act.

The business allow is valid just for in some unspecified time in the future solely (to & fro). necessary info needed for Rohtang Pass allow - Valid ID Proof, Valid Pollution beneath Check (PUC) Certificate and Vehicle Registration Date (Age of auto to not be quite ten years). you'll apply for the allow on the Official web site. as a result of the military significance of the road and therefore the got to keep it open the complete year, the Indian government began building the $320 million eight.5 km (5.3 mi) long Rohtang Tunnel in 2010 to bypass Rohtang pass for making a way safer and quicker year-round link to Keylong, Lahaul and Spiti and Leh in Ladakh. The tunnel will shorten the space by regarding fifty kilometre (31 mi) and cut back the time period between the southern and northern faces of Rohtang pass 5 hours. whereas it currently takes four to six hours to ascend, discuss and descend the Rohtang pass, it'll take solely regarding half-hour to travel through the Rohtang tunnel.

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HIDIMBA DEVI TEMPLE

HIDIMBA DEVI TEMPLE

Hidimbi Devi Temple, additionally proverbial multifariously because the Hadimba Temple, is found in Manāli, a hill station within the State of Himāchal Pradesh in north Asian country. it's associate ancient cave temple dedicated to Hidimbi Devi, married woman of Bhima, a figure within the Indian epic Mahābhārata. The temple is enclosed by a cedar forest at the foot of the Himālayas. The sanctuary is constructed over an enormous rock jutting out of the bottom that was worshiped as a picture of the god. The structure was inbuilt 1553. The Hidimba Devi or Hidimbi Devi temple is constructed around a cave wherever Hidimba performed meditation. Hidimba was purported to have lived there together with her brother Hidimb, and not a lot of is understood concerning their oldsters. Born into a Rakshas family, Hidimba vowed to marry one WHO would defeat her brother Hidimb, WHO was purported to be terribly brave and fearless. throughout the Pandava's exile, after they visited Manali; Bhima, one in all the 5 Pandavas, killed Hidimb. Thereafter, Hidimba married Bhima and gave birth to their son Ghatotkacha.

The Hidimba Devi Temple has elaborately carven picket doors and a twenty four meters tall picket "shikhar" or tower higher than the sanctuary. The tower consists of 3 sq. roofs coated with timber tiles and a fourth brass conical roof at the highest. The earth goddess Durga forms the theme of the main door carvings. The temple base is made out of whitewashed, mud-covered stonework. An enormous rock occupies the inside of the temple, only a 7.5 cm (3 inch) tall brass image representing goddess Hidimba Devi. A rope hangs down in front of the rock,and according to a legend,in bygone days religious zealots would tie the hands of "sinners" by the rope and then swing them against the rock. About seventy metres away from the temple, there is a shrine dedicated to Goddess Hidimba's son, Ghatotkacha, who was born after she married Bhima.

The most surprising feature of the temple or what believers could call the most reassuring feature of the temple is the fact that inside the temple the imprint of the feet of the Goddess carved on a block of stone are worshipped and, when zooming into the area where the temple is located via Google Satellite, the imprint of a giant foot spanning across the valley in the area near the temple can be seen.The Indian epic Mahabharata narrates that the Pāndavas stayed in Himachal during their exile. In Manali, the strongest person there, named Hidimba and brother of Hidimdi, attacked them, and in the ensuing fight Bhima, strongest amongst the Pandavas, killed him. Bhima and Hidimba's sister, Hidimbi, then got married and had a son, Ghatotkacha, (who later proved  to be an excellent person within the war against Kauravas). once Bhima and his brothers came from exile, Hidimbi failed to accompany him, however stayed back and did tapasyā (a combination of meditation, prayer, and penance) therefore on eventually attain the standing of a god.